基于双层规划的竞争性选址问题研究

以往对竞争性选址问题的研究,都是从服务提供者的角度考虑问题,寻求市场份额最大化或成本最小化的选址方案.实际中,竞争性选址方案的确定应该是服务提供者与服务需求者上下两层关系互动的过程,并且仅仅考虑市场份额最大化或成本最小化是不够的,企业往往更关心的是利润.针对寡头垄断市场配送中心的选址问题,建立基于双层规划的竞争性选址模型,考虑属于不同企业的配送中心对于配送服务需求者的竞争问题,上层目标函数追求配送中心的利润最大化,下层目标函数是配送服务需求者的广义费用最小.给出了遗传算法求解规模较大的问题,通过一个算例验证模型和算法的可行性.

Study the Competitive Location Problems Based on the Bi-level Programming Model

In most competitive location models available in the literature,the aim is to maximize the market share or minimize the cost,which is from the service provider＇s point of view.In practice,it should be an interactive process of service providers and service demanders.As the enterprises are often more concerned about profits in practice,it is not enough only considering the maximization of market share or minimization of cost.Thinking about the distribution center location problem in an oligopolistic market,a bi-level programming model is presented considering the distribution centers belonging to different enterprises compete with each other.The upper objective function is to purse themaximization profit of the distribution center,and the lower objective function is the minimization of generalized cost of service demanders.Then a genetic algorithm is presented to solve the large-scale model.Finally,a numerical example is presented to illustrate the feasibility of the model and algorithm.