桥涵顶进施工事故的预防及处理

铁路立交桥涵施工重点为桥涵预制和铁路架空顶进，桥涵顶进是立交桥施工质量控制的最重要的一个环节。桥涵顶进施工采用多种方法，如：一次顶入法、对顶法、解体顶进法、开槽顶入法等，常用施工方法为一次顶入法。顶进施工常见质景通病为后背变形过大终止顶进、滑板下沉断裂、桥涵扎头开裂、线路横移影响行车等，本篇结合工程施工实例，详细阐述了桥涵顶进施工的技术要点，针对常见质量事故，提出了预防及处理的技术措施，实践证明本篇文章所提出的桥涵顶进事故的预防及处理措施切实可行，效果较为显著。

PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ACCIDENT IN CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGE AND CULVERT JACK-IN

The bridge prefabrication and culvert and overhead jack-in of railway are key points for construction of railway overpass bridge and culvert. The bridge and culvert jack-in is the most important thing for construction quality control of overpass bridge. Construction of bridge and culvert can be conducted by many methods, such as primary jack-in method, across jack-in method, split jack-in method and slot jack-in method. The commonly used one is primary jack-in method. The common failings for jack-in construction are as follows: overlarge deformation of rear back to cause stopping jack-in, settlement and crack of slide plate, crack of bunching tip of bridge and culvert and lateral displacement of track to influence train running. This paper describes the technical points for bridge and culvert jack-in construction in details and puts forward the technical measures for prevention and treatment of construction accident in combination with construction example. Practice shows the measures are feasible with getting good result.