A virtual environment for the formulation of policy packages |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK;2. Transport Studies Unit, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK;1. Faculty of Business Administration, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X5, Canada;2. DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada;1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica;2. Department of Transportation and Logistics Management, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, United States;1. TRT Trasporti e Territorio, Via Rutilia 10/8, Milan 20141, Italy;2. Ricardo Energy and Environment, Gemini Building, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0QR, United Kingdom;1. The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, China;2. School of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China;3. Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, FL, 32816, United States;4. China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Shanghai Branch, Shanghai 200335, China |
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| Abstract: | The interdependence and complexity of socio-technical systems and availability of a wide variety of policy measures to address policy problems make the process of policy formulation difficult. In order to formulate sustainable and efficient transport policies, development of new tools and techniques is necessary. One of the approaches gaining ground is policy packaging, which shifts focus from implementation of individual policy measures to implementation of combinations of measures with the aim of increasing efficiency and effectiveness of policy interventions by increasing synergies and reducing potential contradictions among policy measures. In this paper, we describe the development of a virtual environment for the exploration and analysis of different configurations of policy measures in order to build policy packages. By developing systematic approaches it is possible to examine more alternatives at a greater depth, decrease the time required for the overall analysis, provide real-time assessment and feedback on the effect of changes in the configurations, and ultimately form more effective policies. The results from this research demonstrate the usefulness of computational approaches in addressing the complexity inherent in the formulation of policy packages. This new approach has been applied to the formulation of policies to advance sustainable transportation. |
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| Keywords: | Policy formulation Decision support systems Policy packaging Virtual environments Agent-based modelling Transport policy |
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