北疆新建铁路沿线重要病媒生物调查及其防控对策

目的了解北疆新建铁路沿线重要病媒生物的群落结构、地理分布和侵害情况。方法鼠类调查采用夹夜法；蚊类调查采用灯诱法、吸蚊器；蝇类调查采用笼诱法；蜚蠊调查采用粘捕法。结果北疆新建铁路沿线主要病媒生物类群有鼠类6科16属20种，具有重要流行病学意义的种类有灰旱獭、长尾黄鼠、大沙鼠以及褐家鼠等；蚊类发现3属5种，主要有米赛按蚊、里海伊蚊、凶小库蚊、尖音库蚊、刺扰伊蚊；蝇类发现4科13种，主要有家蝇、丝光绿蝇、厩腐蝇、麻蝇、夏厕蝇等；蜚蠊类均为德国小蠊。结论应加强对北疆新建铁路沿线病媒生物及其相关传染病的预防控制工作，为确保新建铁路的安全运营及沿线职工的健康安全，起到积极的促进作用。

The Investigation and Control Stretage on Important Disease Vectors Along the New Railway in North of Sinkiang

Objective To know the community structure and geography distribution and infestation rate of vectors along the new railway in north of Sinkiang. Methods Night trapping method was used in rodents investigation ; mosquito-light trap was used in mosquito; baited cage trapping method for the flies and paste catching method for cockroaches. Results The primary vectors along the new railway in north of Sinkiang were （1） 6 families, 16 genera and 20 species rodents with Marmota baibacina , Spermophilus undulatus , Rhombomys opimus , Rattus norvegicus etc. acted as dominant species; （2） 3 genera and 5 species mosquitoes, the main commonly found species were Anopheles messeae,Aedes caspius, Culex modestus, Culex pipiens,Aedes vexans; （3） 4 genera and 13 species flies, including Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata, Muscina angustifrous, Sarcophaginae, Fannia canieularis etc; （4） cockroach species, all were Blattella germaniea. Conclusion We should strengthen the surveillance and control on vectors and vector borne disease along the new railway in north of Xinjiang, so as to improve the operation of the new railway and provide a healthy environment for railway workers.