一种新型水上减阻仿生技术研究

传统排水型两栖车辆航速在15km/h时出现"阻力墙"现象,致使水阻力急剧增大,限制航速进一步提升。文章从蛇怪蜥蜴高速踏水方式构思,基于固-液体高速作用动力学原理,提出了一种基于改变两栖车体航态的仿生减阻技术。其依靠仿生叶轮与水的高速作用产生向上托举力和向前推进力,将两栖车体托举出水面,进入高速滑行状态,从而避开"阻力墙"现象。仿真分析了刚性叶片夹角θ、入水深度h、转速ω等物理参数对水动力性能的影响,着重讨论了转速ω的影响,并给出了临界范围。结合先期原理试验,初步验证了此仿生技术能够实现两栖车体辆从排水状态进入高速滑行状态,从而避开"阻力墙"现象,达到减少水阻力的目的。

Research on new type of reducing water resistance technique based on the bionics

The resistance wall phenomenon is encountered by traditional amphibious vehicle when its velocity is at 15 km/h brings on huge water resistance and limits velocity improving further.A new type technique of reducing resistance through the mechanism of a basilisk lizard treading water was put forward in this paper,based on the theory of solid-liquid mutual action on high speed and the change of sailing status.It can lift amphibious vehicle upon the water in the high speed sliding status,depended on the lift force and propulsion produced by the high speed action between the bionic impeller and the water,avoiding the resistance wall phenomenon.Simulation analysis was made to research the relationship between hydrodynamic performance of the bionic impeller and the physical parameters of the vane such as angle,depth in water,rotated speed,etc,especially for the rotated speed and obtaining its critical range.Combined with of simulation analysis and the previous principle tests,it validated that the technique is an efficient method that can avoid the resistance wall phenomenon to reduce the water resistance by make the amphibious vehicle into the high speed sliding status.