音乐和自然声音对驾驶行为和安全性的影响——以城市道路模拟驾驶为例

近来,当车辆行驶在城市道路时,研究者倾向于调查自然声音、古典音乐和硬摇滚音乐对驾驶性能和驾驶人生理的影响.利用自然声音作为刺激因素,对驾驶行为进行研究.参与者(N=36)在驾驶模拟器中并且伴有自然声音、古典音乐、硬摇滚音乐的环境中进行驾驶,而另一组中没有声音(控制条件).此外,通过研究驾驶性能和参与者的心率,确定时长为18 min的每个驾驶情况下的生理指标.混合MANOVA分析的结果表明,听觉刺激对相干性、延迟响应和心率具有显着影响.这项研究显示硬摇滚音乐在实验期间增加的心率(心率=86.7 BPM),并且听硬摇滚音乐对驾驶性能和生理学有负面影响.更重要的是,听自然声音对车辆跟踪的精度(相干性=0.76)和对前车速度变化的响应延迟(延迟响应=3.9 s)有正面影响.在注意力和集中力方面,这些发现表明,听自然声音可增加驾驶员的驾驶能力.此外,听觉刺激和性别之间的相互作用对驾驶性能和生理学有显着的影响. 

The Effects of Music and Natural Sounds on Driving Performance and Safety:A Case Study Simulated Driving on Urban Roadways

Due to the penetration of multimedia and smart phones,driving while listening music is common and therefore it is necessary to investigate effects of natural sounds,classical music,and hard rock music on driving perform-ance and physiology of drivers.This study utilized natural sounds as a stimulus for driving performance.Thirty six partici-pants (N = 36)completed two drives on a section of a simulated urban road in a simulator:one with natural sounds, classical music,and hard rock music;the other without sounds (control condition).Furthermore,driving performance and heart rate of participants are studied to determine physiological indicators of arousal during each of driving condition of 18 min.The results of mixed MANOVA analysis show that the auditory stimulus has a significant effect on coherence, delay response,and heart rate.Study results show that hard rock music increases heart rate during the experimental ses-sions (heart rate=86.7 BPM).Listening to hard rock music has negative effects on driving performance and physiology of drivers.More importantly,listening to natural sounds had positive effect on accuracy of car following (coherence=0.76) and response latencies to speed changes of the lead vehicle (delay response=3.9 s).In terms of attention and concentra-tion,this study indicates that listening to natural sounds magnify driving capabilities.Moreover,interactions between au-ditory stimulus and gender have significant effects on driving performance and physiology of drivers.