涎流冰对西部某铁路的影响研究

涎流冰是高寒地区典型的地质灾害现象,青藏高原具备产生涎流冰的气象和水文地质条件,涎流冰对川西-藏东地区交通廊道的影响不可忽视。本文通过卫星地图识别和现场调查,对川西-藏东交通廊道涎流冰的发育特征进行了统计分析。川西-藏东交通廊道区涎流冰主要位于以阴坡为主的缓坡地带,以坡面溢流型为主,主要位于海拔3 500~4 500 m之间,宽度以5~10 m为主。涎流冰对铁路路基、桥梁和隧道工程均有不同程度的影响,建议铁路线路应尽量避开影响隧道进出口和桥台的涎流冰发育点,绕避难以防治的严重影响路基的涎流冰点。对于具备排泄引流条件的涎流冰点,设计时应加强工程防治措施。

Study on Impact of Salivary Flowice on a Railway in Western China

Salivary flow ice is a typical geological disaster phenomenon in an arctic-alpine area.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has meteorological and hydrogeological conditions for salivary flow ice.The impact of salivary flow ice on the traffic corridor in western Sichuan-eastern Tibet shall not be ignored.Through satellite map recognition and field investigation,this paper makes a statistical analysis on the development characteristics of salivary flow ice in the traffic corridor between western Sichuan and eastern Tibet.The salivary flow ice in the western Sichuan-eastern Tibet traffic corridor area is mainly located in the gentle slope zone dominated by the shady slope,mainly in the overflow type,which is mainly located between 3500 and 4500 m above sea level and mainly in the width of 5~10 m.Salivary flow ice has different impacts on railway subgrade,bridge,and tunnel engineering.It is suggested that railway lines should avoid the development point of salivary flow ice which affects tunnel portals and abutments,and avoid the places of salivary flow ice that impact the subgrade and are difficult for prevention and control.For the places of salivary flow ice with drainage conditions,engineering prevention measures should be strengthened in design.