电动自行车交通事故特征与安全改善对策

近10年,电动自行车在中国迅速普及且安全形势非常严峻。通过分析电动自行车与其他交通方式的事故数据,从交通安全总体形势、事故时空特征分布、原因以及肇事者与受害者等方面总结电动自行车的事故特点。从事故分析特征来看,近年来电动自行车事故死亡人数上升较快,大量事故是因为违反交通法规引发,并且主动肇事比例和致死率偏高,而早晚高峰时段和交叉口是事故高发的时空重点;从骑行者特征来看,中老年群体和工人农民群体是主要受害群体,颅脑损伤是首要致死原因。最后,对照事故影响因素和管理实际,提出下一发展阶段中国电动自行车的安全改善对策。

Characteristics of Electric Bike Accidents and Safety Enhancement Strategies

The fast increasing popularity of electric bikes in China has generated serious safety concerns.By analyzing the accident data of electric bikes and other travel modes,this paper summarizes the charac-teristics of electric bike accidents in several aspects: traffic safety trends,time and space features,contribut-ing factors,attributes of violator and victim and etc.It is concluded that the number of fatalities caused by electric-bike accidents has increased at a relatively fast speed in recent years,and majority of such acci-dents were caused by violations of traffic laws and regulations.The analysis also indicates that a relatively high fatality rate correlates with high number of knowingly violators,and intersections as well as morning and evening peak hours.The cyclist characteristics clearly reveal that mid-and old-age group,workers and farmers are major victim groups,and craniocerebral injuries are the primary cause of death.Finally,the pa-per puts forward future safety enhancement strategies for electric-bike in China based on the accident con-tributing factors and actual management practice.