单曲率船体外板电磁感应加热弯曲成型工艺规划

以18.000 mm厚的船用AH36钢板为研究对象，开展电磁感应加热弯曲成型试验并测量板材的瞬态温度，采用手持式三维扫描仪获取板材点云数据，利用后处理软件得到板材面外弯曲变形云图。基于热-弹-塑性有限元分析，模拟板材电磁感应加热弯曲成型过程，温度和面外弯曲变形计算结果与测量数据较吻合，验证建立的数值模型的准确性。基于高通量的有限元分析，建立热源移动速度与横向弯曲角度的数学关系。针对单曲率板材，提出内接折线法和外切折线法拟合板材弯曲形状，给出相应的板材加热线位置和热源移动速度等工艺参数，进行热-弹-塑性有限元分析。计算结果表明，由提出的两种方法得到的面外弯曲变形均与目标曲率板的弯曲形状相吻合，证明内接折线法和外切折线法应用于实际工程的可行性。

Technological Planning of Bending Forming of Single Curvature Hull Plate by Electromagnetic Induction Heating

Taken 18.000 mm thick marine AH36 steel plate as the research object, the bending forming test is conducted by the electromagnetic induction heating and the transient temperature of the plate is measured. The point cloud data of the plate is obtained with a handheld 3D scanner, and the cloud image of plate out-of-plane bending deformation is obtained with the post-processing software. Based on the thermal-elastic-plastic finite element analysis, the process of plate bending forming by the electromagnetic induction heating is simulated. The calculated results of temperature and out-of-plane bending deformation are in good agreement with the measured data, and the accuracy of established numerical model is verified. Based on the high flux finite element analysis, the mathematical relationship between heat source moving velocity and transverse bending angle is established. In view of the single curvature plate, the inscribed polyline method and the circumscribed polyline method are proposed to fit the bending shapes of the plate, and the corresponding technological parameters such as the plate heating wire position and the heat source moving velocity are given for the thermal-elastic-plastic finite element analysis. The calculation results show that the out-of-plane bending deformations obtained by the two proposed methods are consistent with the bending shape of target curvature plate, which proves the application feasibility of inscribed polyline method and circumscribed polyline method in practical engineering.