基于驾驶人视觉感知的高速公路速度控制措施效果分析

为了从驾驶人视觉感知角度了解4种控制措施(限速标志、警告标志、减速标线、彩色路面)对驾驶人行车速度控制的效果,基于驾驶人动态视觉特性,建立了视觉信息负荷模型,将驾驶人前方视觉区域划分成1个中央视野和4个周边视野,量化了速度控制措施对驾驶人视觉感知影响。基于实车试验数据分析表明:行车速度与驾驶人感知到的速度控制设施的视觉信息量显著相关,信息量越大,减速幅度越大;在速度控制措施的持续影响下,减速频率不会超过,而后趋于稳定。

Analysis on Effectiveness of Speed Control Measures Based on the Driver’s Visual Perception

In order to explore the effects of four speed control measures(limit signs,warning signs,speed reduction markings and red pavement)on driving speed from driver′s visual perception,a visual information load model was established based on the characteristics of dynamic vision.The driver′s ahead view was further classified into central vision and four peripheral visions.The effect of speed control measures on driver′s visual perception was quantified.The analysis based on data from actual driving experiments shows that the driving speed has a strong correlation with the visual information load of speed control devices from driver′s visual perception,and generally the more information load the larger the deceleration rates.With the continuous influence of speed control measures,the deceleration rates are mostly no more than 3 m/s 2,and then tend to be stable.