砖石结构古建筑震后破坏状态评估方法

为提高砖石结构古建筑震后破坏状态评估的准确性,考虑到砖石结构古建筑震后破坏状态的评估涉及众多影响因素,且各因素之间存在相关性和不确定性,基于模糊数学理论,将砖石结构古建筑分为地基、基础和上部结构3个部分,选取11个指标作为评估因子,采用隶属函数法和类比法构造评判矩阵,再由层次分析法确定权系数向量,建立三层次两阶段的模糊综合评估模型.以羌寨碉楼为例,应用该模型对其在汶川地震后的破坏状态进行了评估,结果表明,根据该模糊综合评估模型,该碉楼在震后遭受中等程度破坏,评估等级为B级,评估结果与实际破坏状态相符,较准确地反映了震后砖石结构古建筑的破坏状态,为震后砖石古建筑采取维修措施提供了依据. 

Evaluation Methods for Post-Earthquake Damage State of Ancient Masonry Buildings

Evaluating the damage sate of ancient masonry buildings after earthquake involves many impact factors which are uncertain and correlated. In order to evaluate accurately the post-earthquake damage state of ancient masonry buildings, an ancient masonry building is divided into subsoil, foundation, and superstructure; and 11 indictors are selected as evaluation factors. Using membership function and analogy to build the judgment matrix, the weight coefficient vector is determined by analytic hierarchy process, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model with two phases and three levels is built. Taking a watchtower in the Qiang village as an example, the model is applied to evaluate its damage state after Wenchuan earthquake. The results show that according to the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the watchtower suffered moderate damage after the earthquake, with an assessment grade of B, which is consistent with the actual destruction state of the tower. This suggests that the proposed model can accurately reflects the damage state of ancient masonry buildings after earthquake, and therefore can be used as a basis to provide strengthening or maintenance measures for ancient masonry buildings damaged by earthquake.