高海拔地区货车运行车速影响因素研究

为了研究高海拔地区货车运行车速变化规律，采集了西藏地区 20辆货车的 GPS数据，通过 Civil3D的处理恢复了道路的线形，分别以纵坡、平曲线、海拔和休息时间为关键变量，构建了货车运行速度的上坡与下坡面板数据模型并进行速度的影响因素分析.研究结果表明，平曲线与纵坡显著影响货车上坡速度，平曲线、纵坡、时间和海拔显著影响货车下坡速度；线形因素对上下坡的影响程度有差异性，但速度高危区的位置是相似的；少于 2 h的短时间休息对于驾驶人的速度控制没有显著性的影响，但是会显著影响驾驶人上坡时的速度离散性.通过本研究可以解析高海拔地区重载货车的速度变化规律，同时有利于提高该地区的驾驶人行驶安全性.

Influencing Factors of Truck Operating Speed at High Altitude Area

In order to study the speed of heavy trucks at high altitude area, the GPS data of 20 trucks in Tibet were collected. Through the calculation of the variable, the alignment was restored. The model of the upper and lower slope of the truck was constructed with longitudinal slope, horizontal curve, altitude and time as the key variables. The results show that horizontal curve and longitudinal slope have significant influence on the speed of the truck uphill, while horizontal curve, longitudinal slope, the time and the altitude have significant influence on the speed of trucks downhill. Alignment factors on the upper and lower slopes are different, but the position of the speed high risk area is similar. Drivers with resting time below 2 h have no significant differences on speed control, but have differences on speed dispersion uphills. The study can be used to analyze the speed variation of trucks at high altitude areas, and at the same time to improve the driving safety of drivers.