基于整车模型的车-路耦合作用仿真分析

为研究车‐路系统耦合作用下汽车行驶平顺性,运用车辆动力学仿真软件CarSim建立整车模型,并采用傅里叶逆变换法对 GB7031中规定的A~D级路面进行数值仿真与验证,分析了车辆以不同速度行驶在不同等级路面上的加速度和车轮法向动载系数。结果表明:①随着路面等级的降低和车辆行驶速度的提高,车身加速度显著增大,由50 km/h、A级路面上的0.2599 m/s2变化为120 km/h、D级路面上的1.6889m/s2,增加了5.5倍,车辆行驶平顺性下降;②车‐路耦合产生的动载作用受路面工况和车速的影响也较大,由50 km/h、A级路面上的0.0833变化为120 km/h、D级路面上的0.7754,增大8.3倍。路面等级越低,车速越高,动载系数越大,对路面的破坏作用越严重。 

A Simulation Analysis of Vehicle-Pavement Coupling Vibration

In order to study the vehicle ride comfort under the characteristic of coupling vibration between vehicle and pavement ,a full‐car model was built by using software CarSim .Road grade A~D defined in GB7031 were also simu‐lated and verified numerically by using inverse Fourier transform .The acceleration rates and coefficient of tire radial dy‐namic forces under different speeds and road grades were computed .The simulation results indicate that 1) vehicle acceler‐ation rates significantly increased with decrease of road grades and increase of vehicle speed .The acceleration rate changed from 0 .259 9 m/s2 at the speed of 50 km/h on grade A road to 1 .688 9 m/s2 at the speed of 120 km/h on grade D road , which increased approximately 5 .5 times .Vehicle ride performance becomes worse .2) The effect of road roughness and vehicle speed on the dynamic force was significant .The dynamic force coefficient (DFC) produced by vehicle changed from 0 .083 3 at the speed of 50 km/h on grade A road ,to 0 .775 4 at the speed of 120 km/h on grade D road ,an increase of around 8 .3 times .The lower the road grade and the higher the vehicle speed ,the greater the dynamic force coefficient which will cause more serious damaging effects on the road .