基于多样性的大城市公共交通服务水平研究

公共交通服务水平是理解社会公平等城市问题的重要内容.以往测度方法忽视不同群体的需求差异，本文提出既考虑距离衰减和公共交通吸引力，又融合多样性的幂函数测度方法，并基于空间分析单元计算测度指数.广州实证表明，对公交“高依赖群体”(HDP)和“低依赖群体”(LDP)来说，高指数的空间单元占比都较低，且相差不大；但是，面向HDP和LDP的广州城市公共交通服务水平的空间分布有着较大差别：前者的高指数单元集中于中心城区，后者的高指数单元则呈“中心城区+北向、东向、南向延伸”的“手掌”形.基于此，本文对研究范围内公共交通和HDP的住房发展等提供相关的规划和管理建议.

Diversity as an Indicator of Urban Public Transit Service Quality

Public transit service quality is important for understanding urban issues such as social equity. Existing measuring methods ignore the difference of demands between resident groups. This paper proposes an optimized measuring method, which incorporates factors of distance decay, public transit attractions and diversity. A case study in Guangzhou was carried out. The number of spatial units with high scores of transit service quality between High-dependent Population(HDP) and Low-dependent Population(LDP) is similar. Nevertheless, for the group of HDP, the spatial pattern of high scores of transit service quality is clustered in the central area, while for the group of LDP, the spatial pattern takes a shape of human hand. Policy implications are discussed.