效率与公平视角下的应急公交接驳调度优化

城市地铁突发故障后，需要采用高效的应急公交接驳方法疏散滞留乘客，减小社会和经济损失.建立两阶段优化模型，对每辆车从存车点出发后依次前往各站运输乘客的接驳过程进行决策.阶段 1，从管理部门角度最小化疏散时间；阶段 2，在此基础上，从乘客角度降低乘客延误，优化目标分别考虑了效率与公平原则.由于现有优化软件求解阶段 2效率过低，构造了针对性的禁忌搜索(TS)算法提高求解速度.最终通过算例验证了算法和模型的可行性，对比了效率与公平原则下的疏散效果，展示了两者的权衡关系：效率原则可能导致乘客服务水平不均；而公平原则提供了更均衡的疏散服务，但系统延误相对更高.

Optimizing a Bus Bridging Strategy Considering Efficiency and Equity

Efficient bus bridging strategy during metro disruptions is needed to evacuate passengers to reduce the social and economic loss. We propose a two-stage model to assign each bus a bridging plan that lists the stations to visit in sequence since it is dispatched from the depot. Stage I is to minimize the evacuation time from the view of managers, while stage II is to reduce the passenger delay from the view of passengers. Two objectives, reflecting efficiency and equity respectively, are considered in stage II. Since the deficiency of existing commercial software in solving stage II, a modified Tabu Search (TS) algorithm is developed to improve the computation speed. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the practicability of the algorithm and the model. Also, we discuss the trade-off between efficiency and equity by comparing the results: considering efficiency could lead to polarized results, while considering equity provides a more balanced service at the cost of increasing the delay for the whole system.