信号控制下人行横道宽度优化模型

为了提高行人过街安全,本文分析了信号控制下行人过街的时空分布特性,研究行人过街空间区域最大宽度与时间和人行横道纵向位置映射关系;通过对行人流量和分担率两因素的分析,对行人过街空间区域特性进行数学描述,根据实测数据并利用轨迹提取技术获取行人时空数据,建立了满足过街时间约束下的人行横道宽度优化模型;最后利用长春市4处人行横道的行人过街时空信息,以群体过街时间为验证指标对模型进行了验证,结果显示,利用本文建立的人行横道宽度优化模型所确定的行人过街时间在3处地点分别减少5.60%、3.29%和2.58%.本文建立的基于时空安全的人行横道宽度优化方法可为人行横道宽度的设计提供理论参考和技术支持.

Width Optimization Model of Pedestrians Crosswalk under Signal Control

In order to improve the safety of pedestrians in the crosswalk, a working model is developed to optimize the width of pedestrians crosswalk. Firstly, pedestrians space-time distribution under signal control is analyzed, indicating that pedestrians transverse space width present a certain relationship with time and longitudinal position. Then an optimization model is established concerning the impact of bi-direction pedestrian flow and directional split ratio on pedestrians’transverse space. At last, a case study is conducted in Changchun. The result shows that the model can fit well with actual situation and pedestrian crossing time has a decrease by 5.60%, 3.29% and 2.58% at three sites. The model pay more attention on space and time safety. And it can provide theoretical reference and technical support for the design of pedestrian crosswalk width.