公路城际出行链模式划分及其形成机制

为划分公路城际出行链模式并分析其形成机制,本文考虑城市内部换乘过程,解析了公路旅客城际出行过程.利用昆明市1 757份公路旅客出行调查问卷数据,提取了公路城际出行链结构特征.通过测算出行链结构值,提出了公路城际出行链模式的划分方法,将公路客运城际出行链模式划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类并分别获取了其形成机制.结果表明:昆明市公路城际通道的平均运距为237.95 km,公共交通是公路城际出行过程中城市内部换乘的主要交通方式;昆明市公路城际出行链的3类模式占比为13.9∶6.4∶4.7,整体结构较合理;其中,Ⅱ类出行链模式最能体现均衡、稳定的形成机制.对公路城际出行链的形成机制分析发现,收入因素是促使出行链结构合理化的重要动力;造成出行链结构不合理的重要因素是市内出行延误,而非城际通道出行过程.

Intercity Highway Trip Chain Model and Its Formation Mechanism

In order to divide the intercity highway trip chain model and analyze its formation mechanism, the process of highway trip is analyzed considering the transfer within the city. And the characteristics of intercity trip chain in highway are extracted with the data of 1 757 questionnaires for highway passenger trips in Kunming, China. Then the actual trip chain structure is calculated and the method for dividing intercity highway trip chain model is established. Finally, the formation mechanism of intercity travel chain model of highway transport is divided into three categories of type I, II and III. Results show that the average distance of Kunming intercity highway transport is 237.95 kilometers. In the process of city interior trip, the share of public transport is largest. The proportion of three types of intercity highway trip chain in Kunming is 13.9∶6.4∶4.7, and the overall structure is reasonable. Wherein, the trip chain model of type II can best reflect an equilibrium and stable formation mechanism. In addition, the income factor in individual attributes is an important driving force for the rationalization of passenger travel chain structure. One of the most important factors that have led to the irrational structure of the trip chain is the city internal trip delay, rather than the intercity travel process.