船坞虹吸灌水系统水力特性研究

船坞虹吸灌水与阀门灌水、短廊道灌水相比具有结构简单、防冰防沙、断流迅速等优点。针对山东威海造船厂拟建5万t造船坞工程中虹吸灌水系统进行了物理模型试验。设计方案主要研究了虹吸灌水正常工作所需时间、虹吸驼峰处最大负压、虹吸灌水流量系数及水流流态等。由于原方案的驼峰最大负压超过规范要求,水流流态不稳,采用增大驼峰断面面积和增加整流墩等方法对原方案的体型进行了修改,在此基础上提出了驼峰处负压均符合规范要求、灌水时间合理的优化方案。

Research on hydraulic characteristic of siphon irrigation system of dock

Compared with the valve piping and the short covered way piping,the siphon piping has the advantages of simple structure,protection against sand and water and rapid set-off.The physical modeling experiment has been made according to the siphoning hydraulic characteristic of 5-ten-thousand-ton class building dock of Shandong Weihai.The time from evacuation to normal operation,the supreme negative pressure on the hump flow coefficient and flow regime of design plan were analyzed.Because the supreme negative pressure on the hump of the original plan exceeded the requirement in the standard and the fluid state was unsteady,the bodytype was modified by expanding the area of hump section and increasing rectification pillar.On this basis, the optimization scheme with reasonable negative pressure and irrigation time was proposed.