侧向风作用下车-桥系统的气动特性——基于风洞试验的参数研究

为考虑侧向风作用下车辆运动对车-桥系统气动特性的影响,基于研制的移动车辆模型风洞试验系统,针对轨道交通车辆和公路交通车辆,分别采用三车模型和单车模型,测试了不同工况下车辆、桥梁的气动力系数,讨论了车速、风向角、车辆在桥上所处轨道位置以及车辆类型等因素对车辆和桥梁气动特性的影响.研究表明,随着车速的增大和合成风向角的减小,车辆阻力系数和升力系数存在增大的趋势,车速对单车模型气动力系数的影响更显著；车辆在桥上所处轨道位置不同对车辆、桥梁气动力系数的影响均较大,桥梁气动力系数对车速和合成风向角不敏感.

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Vehicle-Bridge System under Cross Wind:Parameter Studies Based on Wind Tunnel Test

In order to investigate the effects of vehicle motion on the aerodynamic characteristics of a vehicle-bridge system,a three-vehicle model and a single-vehicle model respectively for full-scale rail transit vehicles and road transit vehicles were designed to measure the aerodynamic forces acting on the vehicles and bridge deck under different testing cases by a self-developed wind tunnel test system with a moving vehicle model.The effects of vehicle speed,yaw angle,rail position of vehicle on bridge deck and vehicle type on the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles and bridge deck were researched.The results show that vehicle drag and lift coefficients tend to increase with the increase of vehicle speed and the decrease of resultant yaw angle,and vehicle speed has a significant effect on the aerodynamic forces in the single-vehicle model.The effect of rail position on vehicle and bridge aerodynamic coefficients is notable,and bridge aerodynamic coefficients are insensitive to vehicle speed and resultant yaw angle.