高速列车减小空气阻力措施的风洞试验研究

本文采用高速列车模型开展减小空气阻力措施的风洞试验研究,对采用不同减小空气阻力措施的高速列车模型的空气阻力特性进行对比分析,得到不同减小空气阻力措施的减阻效果。研究结果表明:在侧偏角为0°状态(列车直行和无侧风状态)下,在车顶采用优化空调导流罩3减阻效果最好,全车减阻效果可达4.59%;车身侧面裙板包住转向架外露的部分越多越有利于减小空气阻力;全封闭外风挡与半封闭外风挡的减阻效果相当;在车底部转向架周围空腔安装底部导流板2的减阻效果最好,全车减阻效果可达3.7%。通过对高速列车减小空气阻力措施的风洞试验研究,为高速列车减小空气阻力和外形优化提供了参考依据。

Wind Tunnel Test of Air-drag Reduction Schemes of High-speed Trains

The wind tunnel test of air-drag reduction schemes was performed with high-speed train models.The air-drag characteristics of high-speed train models using different air-drag reduction schemes were compared,and the air-drag reduction effects of different air-drag reduction schemes were obtained.The results indicate as follows:Under the state of the 0°yaw angle(straight-going of the train and no side wind),the drag-reduction effect is best by putting optimized air-guide cover 3 on the top of the train,and the drag-reduction effect of the entire train can reach 4.59%;the bigger the encased areas of bogies by skirt-plates on two sides of the train,the better the air-drag reduction effect;the drag-reduction effect of the entire train by using the entirely-closed outer vestibule diaphragm is equivalent to the effect of using the semi-closed one;the drag-reduction effect is best by installing bottom guide-cover 2 in the surrounding cavity of the bogie at the bottom,and the drag-reduction effect of the entire train can reach 3.7%.References are provided for air-drag reduction and configuration optimization of high-speed trains.