基于过饱和控制的疏散网络优化模型

应急条件下疏散需求呈现短时爆发性特点，为提高网络优化模型在应急疏散状态下的适用性，本文提出了网络过饱和度概念，并结合疏散交通组织策略建立过饱和控制的疏散网络双层优化模型.上层模型从疏散组织者的角度出发最小化疏散网络过饱和度，下层模型以Wardrop 用户平衡准则模拟疏散参与者的疏散路径选择行为.采用禁忌搜索算法求解所建模型，并以Sioux Falls 网络为平台验证其有效性.实验结果表明，在应急交通疏散状态下，基于过饱和控制的疏散网络优化模型能够实现疏散网络通行能力的最大化利用和应急交通组织策略的最优化配置，具有较强的适用性.

Oversaturation Control-based Model for Evacuation Network Optimization

A large number of evacuation demands emerged in a short time under the emergency condition. In order to improve the applicability of optimal network design model, the concept of oversaturation of network is proposed. Combined with comprehensive traffic management strategy under emergency conditions, a bi-level network optimal model with oversaturation control is established. The up-level model minimizes the oversaturation of evacuation network with comprehensive traffic management as the goal of traffic organizers, while the low-level model applies user equilibrium model to mimic the evacuation routes choice behavior of evacuees. A Tabu Search (TS- based) solution method is used to solve the optimization model. The numerical tests with Sioux Falls network validated the applicability of the bi-level programming model. And the results show that the new model can make the best use of network capacity as well as determine the optimizing traffic management plan with better applicability under emergency evacuation.