面向节油减排的平行多跑道混合运行机场停机位分配模型

针对因隔离平行运行模式与不合理跑道机位使用方案引起的航空器场面滑行排放过高的停机位分配问题，在传统停机位分配模型基础上，研究了多跑道运行模式对停机位分配方案的影响，基于空管机场2方协同运行与就近起降运行模式，研究了面向平行多跑道混合运行的停机位分配模型。通过引入航空器空中走向约束与航班接续约束，以减少采用航班横跨场面运行这个过长滑行距离的停机位分配方案。在此基础上，考虑不同机型发动机燃油流率对分配方案燃油消耗及碳排放的影响，以最小化燃油消耗为目标建立整数规划数学模型，并结合天津机场典型时段运行数据进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:与原计划运行结果相比，优化策略的滑行距离与碳排放分别减少了11.9% 和13.3%，说明通过优化多跑道运行机场的停机位跑道使用方案可有效减少滑行距离与油耗，达到节油减排的目的。 

A Model of Gate Allocation for Parallel Multi-runway Hybrid Operation from the Perspective of Fuel-saving and Carbon Emission Reduction

The work aims to solve the problems of gate allocation caused by segregated and parallel operation mode and unreasonable runway-stand usage plan, and the high taxiing emissions of aircraft surface. A traditional model of gate allocation is used to study the influence of the multi-runway operation mode on a stand allocation plan. Based on cooperative operation between air traffic control and airport control center, as well as nearby take-off and landing operation mode, the work proposes a gate allocation model oriented to parallel multi-runway mixed operation. Introducing aircraft flight direction constraints and flight continuity constraints can reduce the use of gate allocation schemes—flights run across the airport's surface, which is an excessively long taxiing distance. The study takes the account the impacts of different engine fuel-flow rates on fuel consumption and carbon emissions of the allocation plan, so the an integer programming mathematical model is established to minimize fuel consumption, and the simulation verification is carried out based on the operation data of Tianjin Airport in typical periods. The results show that taxiing distance and carbon emissions of the optimized strategy are reduced by 11.9% and 13.3%, respectively, compared with the originally planned operation results. The taxiing distance and fuel consumption can be reduced by optimizing the use of stands at airports with multiple runways to achieve fuel-saving and emission reduction.