光纤光栅技术在桥梁测试中的应用研究

光纤光栅技术是一种新型的桥梁测试技术.概述光纤光栅传感器的基本原理、特点以及国内外研究应用情况;研究光纤光栅技术在拉索索力长期监测中的应用,开发了长期稳定性好、不受电磁场干扰、可实现分布式测量以及适宜远距离传输的光纤光栅测力环,并将成果应用于郑西客运专线提篮拱桥拉索索力长期监测;研究光纤光栅技术在大跨度桥梁动应力测试中的应用,选用灵敏度高、动态性能好的夹持式光纤光栅应变传感器,用于武汉天兴洲长江大桥通车鉴定试验动应力测试中.工程实例显示测试效果较好.同时,探讨光纤光栅传感器在桥梁应用过程中存在的问题并展望其应用前景.

Study of Application of Fiber Bragg Grating Technique to Bridge Testing

The fiber Bragg grating technique is a new technique for bridge testing. The fundamental principles, characteristics and the research and application of the fiber Bragg grating sensors at home and abroad are summarized. The application of the technique to the long-term monitoring of cable forces is studied herewith and the fiber Bragg grating load cells that have good long-term stability, are free from interference of electromagnetic field, can realize the distributive measurement and are suitable for remote transmission are developed and the results of the development have been applied to the long-term monitoring of the cable forces of a basket handle arch bridge on Zhengzhou-Xi'an Passenger Dedicated Railway. The application of the technique to the measurement of dynamic stress of long span bridges is also studied. The gripping type fiber Bragg grating sensors that have high sensitivity and good dynamic performance are selected and used for the measurement of the dynamic stress for assessment tests of opening of Wuhan Tianxingzhou Changjiang River Bridge to traffic. The examples of application of the technique show that the effect of the measurement is sound. At the same time, the problems existing in the application of the sensors, the prospecting and vista of the application of the sensors to bridge engineering are discussed as well.