| 基于气象条件的船舶引航风险等级 |
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| 引用本文： | 丁锋,刘飞,张晋,孙贞.基于气象条件的船舶引航风险等级[J].中国航海,2019(2):71-74,113. |
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| 作者姓名： | 丁锋 刘飞 张晋 孙贞 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛市气象局青岛市气象灾害防御工程技术研究中心;上海海洋气象台;青岛海事局 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局核心业务发展专项(CMAHX20160209);山东省气象局科研项目(sdqd2014-01);青岛市气象局科研项目(2014qdqxz02)联合资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为提升船舶引航安全保障能力,根据海事、气象部门的有关业务管理规定,对青岛港2011—2016年船舶交通数据和各港口水域通航的气象条件进行研究,探讨划分船舶引航气象风险等级,并利用上海的2次天气过程开展实证检验。研究结果表明:气象条件对船舶引航的安全有重要影响,恶劣天气是船舶引航的重要风险来源,主要表现为低能见度和大风两大类;船舶引航气象风险综合风力影响和能见度影响,取二者的最大值,分为5级,可为海事部门实施船舶禁限航提供依据,对于安全开展船舶引航作业具有较好的实际指导作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 船舶引航 气象条件 风险等级 安全 |
Risk Level Grading for Ship Pilotage Based on Weather Conditions |
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| DING Feng,LIU Fei,ZHANG Jin,SUN Zhen.Risk Level Grading for Ship Pilotage Based on Weather Conditions[J].Navigation of China,2019(2):71-74,113. |
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| Authors: | DING Feng LIU Fei ZHANG Jin SUN Zhen |
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| Institution: | (Qingdao Engineering Technology Research Center of Meteorological Disaster Prevention,Qingdao Meteorological Bureau,Qingdao 266003,China;Shanghai Marine Meteorological Center,Shanghai 201300,China;Qingdao Maritime Safety Administration,Qingdao 266003,China) |
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| Abstract: | The importance of weather conditions to the safety of ship pilotage is emphasized by maritime and meteorological authorities in relevant rules and regulations. Based on the vessel traffic data of Qingdao port from 2011 to 2016, taking the weather conditions of various navigation channels into consideration, a weather risk grading system for guiding ship pilotage is proposed and applied in two weather processes in Shanghai. It is concluded that the low visibility and strong wind are of the two vital threats to the navigation safety. The design of the 5-level system integrates the influence of visibility and wind, takes the relative maximum value of each level as the limits, thus provides a rather practical operation reference to harbor authority for ship traffic and pilotage service. |
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| Keywords: | ship pilotage weather condition risk level safety |
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