橡胶沥青路面降噪技术原理与研究进展

为了有效降低交通噪声对人类健康的危害，促进橡胶沥青降噪路面的推广应用，对橡胶沥青路面降噪技术原理及研究进展进行了综述。介绍了路面噪声的产生及增强原理，对橡胶沥青路面的隔音与降噪功能及机理进行了重点评述；同时，总结了多种因素对橡胶沥青路面降噪效果的影响，并分析了橡胶沥青路面降噪特性；最后，总结了橡胶沥青降噪技术工程应用的最新研究进展。综合分析表明：橡胶沥青路面降噪的主要原理是由于橡胶粉或橡胶颗粒的阻尼及高弹性，使得路面具有较高的吸收振动和冲击的性能，从而达到较好的减振降噪的效果；而橡胶粉掺量与目数、路表纹理状况、长期服役行为是影响橡胶沥青路面降噪性能的3个关键因素。适当增加橡胶颗粒的掺量，增大橡胶颗粒的粒径，采用开级配橡胶沥青混合料并且保证路面养护能够长效增加橡胶沥青路面的减振降噪性能；在对橡胶沥青路面降噪特征分析方面，多种噪声测试方法的利用为评价噪声声品质提供了可能；而关于橡胶沥青路面降噪技术的工程应用主要集中在3个方面：骨架密实型橡胶沥青混合料路面、大孔隙橡胶沥青混合料路面和新型外加剂的使用。其中骨架密实结构和大孔隙结构的应用较为成熟。研究结果表明：橡胶沥青路面降噪技术的研究正符合当前功能性路面材料在安静路面的需求，将为进一步发展和应用安静路面提供理论和应用支持。

Mechanism and Research Development of Noise Reduction Technology of Rubberized Asphalt Pavement

In order to effectively reduce the harm caused by traffic noise to human health and promote the widespread application of rubberized asphalt pavement, the mechanism and development of noise reduction technology of rubberized asphalt pavement were explored and the generation and enhancement mechanism of pavement noise were also introduced. In addition, the function and mechanism of sound insulation and noise reduction of rubberized asphalt pavement were analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, the effects of various factors on noise reduction and its reduction characteristics of rubberized asphalt pavement as well as the latest research findings were summarized and analyzed. It can be found that the noise reduction mechanism of rubberized asphalt pavement is mainly due to the damping and high-elasticity characteristics/properties of rubber powders or rubber particles, which improved the vibration and impact absorption performance of the pavement to achieve noise reduction. The content and mesh of rubber powder, the texture of the road surface, and the long-term service behavior are three key factors affecting the noise reduction performance of rubberized asphalt pavement. Appropriately, increasing the content and size of rubber particles, using open-graded rubberized asphalt mixture, and ensuring pavement maintenance could increase the vibration and noise reduction performance of rubberized asphalt pavement in the long term procedure. With regard to the noise reduction characteristics of rubberized asphalt pavement, the use of a variety of noise testing methods enabled the evaluation of noise quality. The engineering applications of the noise reduction technology of rubberized asphalt pavement focused on three aspects:skeleton dense-rubberized asphalt pavement, porous rubberized asphalt pavement, and the use of new additives. The application of skeleton-dense structure and porous structure is relatively mature. The results showed that the noise reduction technology of rubberized asphalt pavement meets the current demands of functional pavement materials for quiet pavement, and provides theoretical support for the further development and application of quiet pavements.