复杂地质条件下TBM刀具失效形式及原因分析与应对措施

为研究分析复杂地质条件、不合理掘进参数等与TBM刀具异常损坏、刀具消耗的关系，以利于TBM掘进效率和施工成本的控制，在系统阐述TBM刀具常见失效形式的基础上，研究分析总推力、刀盘转速、刀具贯入度等掘进参数及不同围岩单轴抗压强度、石英质量分数等地质参数对刀具磨损及异常损坏的影响规律。以引汉济渭秦岭隧洞和中天山隧道工程为例，对刀具消耗及失效形式进行统计分析，并从刀具选型、检查及维修等方面，提出针对性的优化方法。最后，基于目前刀具配置及监测技术存在不足的现状，提出应进一步研发刀间距可调的刀具配置技术，以确保不同地质条件下的刀具破岩效率；同时，加强对TBM工作环境具有较强适应性的新型刀具状态监测系统的研发及应用。

Forms and Causes of Failure in Tunnel Boring Machine Cutters under Complex Geological Conditions and Corresponding Countermeasures

Complex geological conditions and unreasonable tunneling parameters cause abnormalities or damage to tunnel boring machine(TBM) cutters, increasing cutter consumption and affecting tunneling efficiency. The common failure modes of TBM cutters are discussed. In addition, the influence of driving parameters, such as total thrust, cutterhead rotation speed, and cutter penetration, as well as the geological parameters, such as the uniaxial compressive strength and the quartz content of different surrounding rocks, on cutter wear and abnormal damage are investigated. Furthermore, case studies on the Qinling tunnel of Hanjiang river Weihe river water conveyance and Zhongtianshan tunnel projects are conducted, statistically analyzing the consumption and the failure forms of the cutters. Thereafter, optimization methods based on cutter selection, inspection, and maintenance are proposed. Finally, the current situation under which some problems exist in the cutter configuration and monitoring technology is introduced. It is concluded that cutter configuration technology with adjustable cutter spacing should be further developed to ensure the rock breaking efficiency of cutters under various geological conditions. In addition, there is a need for new cutter condition monitoring systems with strong adaptability to the TBM working environment.