预应力混凝土梁式桥支座病害与防治

支座作为桥梁结构的重要构件,发挥着承重、抗震、抗击水平荷载、辅助梁体正常工作等的重要作用,其质量和性能直接影响桥梁的使用寿命.普通橡胶支座良好的耐久性、安装简易性、与稳定性能,以及"低廉"的价格,使之成为桥梁支座的首选构件.普通板式支座在预应力混凝土梁式桥(简支、连续、刚构)用得较多,支座病害也较多.由于人们对此病害的认识的深度不足,导致了很多梁式桥支座在投入运营前就处于带病状态,桥梁过早进入维修周期.现通过多年对梁式桥出现的支座病害情况的调研,总结分析了支座病害的成因、病害对桥梁整体寿命的影响;对工程常用的、数量较多的普通板式支座五种病害类型的危害特点进行论述;提出了有针对性防治措施;同时针对现浇梁式桥危害最大的支座剪裂病害提出两种解决方法,通过在兴延高速公路六环路立交的成功应用,为解决支座剪裂病害提供了借鉴.

Bearing Disease and Prevention of Prestressed Concrete Girder Bridge

As an important component of bridge structure, the bearing plays an important role in load-bearing, seismic resistance, resisting horizontal load and assisting the normal work of the beam body. Its quality and performance directly affect the service life of the bridge. The good durability, easy installation, stable performance and cheap price of the common rubber bearing make it become the preferred component of bridge bearing. The common plate bearing is used more in the prestressed concrete girder bridge (simply supported, continuous, rigid frame), and the bearing diseases are also more. Due to the lack of understanding of this disease, many girder bridge bearings are in a sick state before put into operation, and the bridge enters the maintenance cycle too early. Based on years of research on the bearing diseases of girder bridge, the causes of bearing diseases and the influence of the diseases on the overall life of the bridge are summarized and analyzed. The harm characteristics of five kinds of diseases of common plate bearing which are commonly used in engineering and a large number are discussed. The targeted prevention and control measures are put forward. At the same time, in view of the most harmful bearing shear crack disease of cast-in-place girder bridge, two solutions are put forward. Through the successful application in the Ring VI Road Interchange of Xingyan Expressway, a reference is provided for solving the shear crack disease of bearing.