场面航空器滑行时空协同优化模型

引入双层规划方法, 研究了场面航空器在滑行道系统中的滑行调度问题; 考虑了成本与冲突对场面航空器运行效率和安全的影响, 以航空器推出延迟时间与滑行路径作为决策变量, 以航空器在滑行道系统中滑行过程无冲突与场面航空器的总滑行距离最短为目标函数, 构建了场面航空器滑行时空协同优化模型; 针对航空器滑行道调度问题的特点, 设计了适用于航空器滑行时空协同优化模型的双层规划算法, 以降低场面航空器滑行距离和等待时间; 为了验证航空器滑行时空协同优化模型及算法的有效性, 对比了先到先服务调度方案的计算结果, 分析了滑行等待时间与滑行距离对场面航空器运行效率的影响。研究结果表明: 场面航空器滑行时空协同优化模型与先到先服务的航空器调度方案相比, 保证了航空器滑行过程无冲突, 将16架次航空器的总滑行距离从40 690 m降至37 700 m, 降低了8%;航空器平均运行时间为254 s, 提升了滑行道系统的整体运行效率; 在复制组数为100与变异概率为0.4的条件下, 采用场面航空器滑行时空协同优化模型能够在412 s内获得最优解, 求解效率与收敛性显著。可见, 采用场面航空器时空协同优化模型在保障航空器滑行安全的前提下, 能有效提高场面航空器滑行调度效率, 降低航空器运行成本, 能够为繁忙机场滑行道调度提供决策支持。 

Spatio-temporal cooperative optimization model of surface aircraft taxiing

The taxiing schedule problem of surface aircraft at the airport was studied by introducing a bi-level programming method. The impacts of taxiing cost and conflict on the operation efficiency and safety of surface aircraft were considered. The spatio-temporal cooperative optimization model of surface aircraft taxiing was constructed by taking the pushout delay time and aircraft taxiing path as decision variables, and the minimum total taxiing distance of surface aircraft without conflict in the taxiway system as objective functions. According to the characteristics of aircraft taxiway schedule problem, a bi-level programming algorithm suitable for the aircraft taxiing spatio-temporal collaborative optimization model was designed to reduce the taxiing distance and waiting time of aircraft. In order to verify the validity of the model and algorithm, the result of the first-come-first-served scheduling plan was compared, and the impacts of waiting time and taxiing distance on the efficiency of surface aircraft were analyzed. Analysis result shows that compared with the first-come-first-serve scheme, the spatio-temporal cooperative optimization model can ensure zero-collision during the aircraft taxiing, and the total taxiing distance of 16 aircrafts reduces from 40 690 m to 37 700 m with a reduction of 8%. The average running time of aircraft is 254 s, which shows that the overall operating efficiency of taxiway system increases. Under the condition that the replication groups number is 100 and the mutation probability is 0.4, the optimal solution of spatio-temporal cooperative optimization model can be obtained within 412 s, and the model has significant efficiency and convergence. It can be seen that on the premise of guaranteeing the safety of aircraft taxiing, the spatio-temporal collaborative optimization model of surface aircraft can effectively improve the efficiency of aircraft taxiing scheduling, reduce the aircraft operation cost, and provide the decision support for the busy airport taxiway scheduling.