城市道路拥挤收费福利影响研究

城市道路拥挤收费虽然使总的社会福利增加,但对不同时间价值出行者的福利影响却不尽相同.以福利经济学为理论基础,以出行的货币成本和时间成本为影响因素,量化分析收费后不同出行者的福利得失.研究发现,在确定拥挤方案后如果能得到交通量的变化量,就可以得到不同选择方案出行者的福利得失.时间价值较低的出行者只有选择公共交通时才能从拥挤收费中受益,而时间价值较高的出行者,选择付费出行使他们获益最大.

Research on Influences of Urban Road Congestion Charges on Welfare

Although urban road congestion charges increases overall social welfare, influences on welfare of travelers with different time values are different. On the theoretical basis of welfare economics and with money cost and time cost of going out as influence factors, this paper carries out quantitative analysis for gain and loss of welfare of different travelers. Research finds that after the congestion plan is determined, if variation of traffic volume can be obtained, gain and loss of travelers in different selective plans can be obtained. The travelers with lower time value can benefit from congestion charges only by selecting public traffic, while the traveler with higher time value will profit most by selecting going out with payment.