第三方物流服务采购研究

20世纪90年代以来,第三方物流日益成为工业企业物流管理的发展趋势。第三方物流服务具有无形性、集成性、增值性等特点。第三方物流采购的成功与否,将大大地影响企业的竞争能力和获利能力。现实中,一方面,工业企业对第三方物流的采购,面临着不同的采购形势,依照Kraljic矩阵,可以分为杠杆项目、一般项目、战略项目和瓶颈项目。另一方面,第三方物流企业的运作水平与服务能力又参差不齐,本文依次分为,A,B,C三种类型。工业企业依照自身的需求,做出正确的采购决策就非常重要。然而,采购的成败与采购过程管理息息相关。本文重点从鉴定物流需求和界定服务、评估和选择供应商以及对第三方物流服务进行评估等方面对物流采购过程管理进行了研究,旨在指导企业的物流实践。

Research on Procurement of Third-party Logistics Service

Since 1920s,third-party logistics has been the tendency of industrial enterprise in logistics management.Third-party logistics service has its specific characteristics of invisibility,integration and value-added etc.Success or not in logistics purchasing,will greatly affect the enterprises compatibility and profitability.In practice,on the one hand,industrial enterprises confront with different procurement situations.According to Kraljic matrix,logistics purchasing can be classified into leverage item,non-critical item,strategic item and bottleneck item.On the other hand,logistics enterprises have different operadtion level and service ability,which can be divded into three types of A,B,C in turn.Complying with the specific demand,the industrial enterprises make right decision is the most important.However,success or failure in purchasing is vitally related to the management of purchase process.This paper makes researches mainly on the procurement from the aspects of identifying and defining the service,evaluating and selecting logistics suppliers,assessing the service,etc.,to direct enterprises' logistics practice.