基于几何特征的钢轨磨耗检测系统的研究

为解决高速动态条件下车体振动对钢轨磨耗检测带来的问题,在大量调研国内外利用激光技术进行钢轨磨耗检测的基础上,提出一种基于标准钢轨轨廓固有曲线曲率的钢轨磨耗检测方法,首先利用基于激光三角测距原理的传感器得到组成钢轨全断面轮廓一系列点的空间坐标;其次利用L-M优化算法进行数据处理,采用Hough变换方法检测钢轨轮廓固有几何特性;最后进行钢轨轮廓匹配后实现钢轨磨耗高精度检测。该方法已经运用在轨道检测小车上,试验数据表明:钢轨磨耗检测系统的重复性精度能到达0.005 mm,其高精度性和快速性能满足铁路部门对钢轨磨耗检测的要求。

Rail Abrasion Inspection System Based On Geometric Features

To solve the problems in steel rail abrasion detection due to vehicle vibration under high-speed dynamic condition,the method of steel rail abrasion detection on the basis of standard rail profile inherent curvature is proposed based on sufficient investigation and research of international and domestic rail abrasion detection with laser technology. First,sensors based on the principle of laser triangulation range are used to get the space coordinates of series points on rail profile. Then,data optimizing and processing are conducted by means of Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and Hough transform method is employed to detect rail geometric features.Finally,high accuracy rail abrasion detection is implemented through rail profile matching. Thismethod has been used in the track inspection car. The experimental results demonstrate that the repeated accuracy of the inspection system reaches as high as 0. 005 mm and the accuracy and speed of the system meet the requirements of railway industry for rail abrasion inspection.