基于公路隧道内车辆对火灾影响数值研究

以武汉长江公路隧道为工程背景,利用FDS5.0数值模拟软件建立隧道实体模型,进行火灾数值模拟分析。研究不同火灾热释放率、车辆长度、火源车辆阻塞比以及附近车辆之间间距、附近车辆长度、附近车辆阻塞比6种因素下,隧道内拱顶温度和人平均身高Z=1.70 m处CO浓度的分布规律,并对这6种因素进行敏感性分析。结果表明:隧道的拱顶温度随着热释放率和阻塞比的增加而增加,随着着火车辆长度的增加而减小;Z=1.70 m处CO浓度随着火灾热释放率和车辆长度的增加而增大,随阻塞比的增大而减小;影响隧道火灾的主要因素是热释放率和车辆阻塞比,应有针对性地对这二种因素进行有效的管理。

Numerical Simulation of Interaction of Fire and Vehicles in Road Tunnel

Based on the project of Yangtze River Highway Tunnel,numerical simulation is conducted using FDS5. 0 to establish hypostatic tunnel model. The diffusing regularity of dome temperature and CO concentration at the height of 1. 7 m during tunnel conflagration are investigated under the condition of different heat release rate,length of the vehicle,blockage ratio and the distance between vehicles,the length of the nearby vehicles,blockage ratio of the nearby vehicles. Meanwhile,this paper also analyzes the sensitivity of the above mentioned six factors. Results show that tunnel dome temperature increases with the increase of heat release rate and blocking ratio,and decreases with the increase of the length of fire-catching vehicle; concentration of CO increases with heat release rate and the length of the vehicle,and decreases with increasing of the blockage ratio. Heat release rate and blocking ratio are the two major factors affecting the fire,and more effective management of the two factors is required.