富水风化花岗岩铁路深大竖井涌水治理施工技术——以大理至瑞丽铁路高黎贡山隧道1#竖井为例

为解决富水风化花岗岩地区修建超深铁路竖井建井过程中涌水淹井问题，以大理至瑞丽铁路高黎贡山隧道1#竖井建井施工为例，针对1#竖井地质条件复杂、地层富水高压、工作面狭小、抽排水难度大等特点，借鉴类似工程和现场试验总结，对竖井工作面“探注模式”、狭小空间钻孔施工、注浆控制及钻注段高优化、掘砌等技术进行研究。提出在富水花岗岩地区铁路超深竖井修建过程中采用“有掘必探、以堵为主、堵排结合”的施工原则和“工作面预注浆+井筒壁后注浆”涌水治理方式，不但能有效控制建井过程中开挖面涌水量，还可在一定程度上提高综合施工效率。

Water Gushing Treatment Technology for Deep and Large Vertical Shafts of Railway in Water rich Weathered Granite: a Case Study on #1 Vertical Shaft of Gaoligongshan Tunnel on Dali Ruili Railway

In order to solve the problem of water inrush and flooding during the construction of super deep railway shafts in water rich weathered granite areas, the construction of #1 shaft in Gaoligongshan Tunnel on Dali Ruili Railway characterized by complex geological conditions, water rich and high pressure, small working face and difficult water drainage is taken as an example to study the technologies of detection and grouting at working face, drilling in small space and grouting of vertical shaft. Furthermore, the construction principle of excavation with detection, water stop as mainand stop drainage combination and gushing water treatment measure of pregrouting at working face and grouting behind shaft wall are put forward for super deep vertical shaft construction of railway in water rich granite area, which can effectively control the water gushing and improve the construction efficiency of shaft construction.