铁路隧道使用凿岩台车与风钻钻爆的比较研究

为进一步分析研究高铁隧道凿岩台车与风钻钻爆的优劣及适用性问题,以郑万高铁小三峡隧道工程为依托,介绍风钻钻爆 的施工应用情况及凿岩台车钻爆在施工应用方面的制约因素,并从施工工效、人员配置、安全性、超欠挖控制、成本投入等方面对比 分析。 主要研究结论如下: 1)采用凿岩台车钻爆,在硬岩条件下钻爆速度较快,Ⅲ、Ⅳ级围岩可通过工法调整来提高凿岩台车的施 工效率,遇软弱围岩时应慎重选用; 2)凿岩台车钻爆与风钻钻爆相比,劳动强度低、节省劳动力、安全风险小等方面具有突出成效; 3)理论分析凿岩台车钻爆较风钻钻爆平均线性超挖小,但实际施工过程中却反之,可通过加强管理来缩小与人工钻爆之间的超挖 差距; 4)凿岩台车对风钻钻爆的优势显而易见,随着隧道施工机械化进程不断地发展,将来一段时间凿岩台车钻爆替代风钻钻爆 施工是未来地下工程开挖的发展方向之一。

Comparison between Rock-drilling Jumbo and Manual Drilling-and-Blasting of Railway Tunnel

The further analysis on the advantages and disadvantages and the applicability of pneumatic drill and rockdrilling jumbo for high-speed railway tunnel is of great significance. The application of pneumatic drill in drilling and blasting and restrictive factors of drilling and blasting of rock-drilling jumbo in Xiaosanxia Tunnel on ZhengzhouWanzhou High-speed Railway are introduced, and comparison is made between the two methods in terms of construction efficiency, staffing, safety, overbreak/underbreak control and cost. The conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The construction efficiency of rock-drilling jumbo in hard rock is higher than pneumatic drill; the construction method of rock-drilling jumbo can be adjusted in Grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ surrounding rocks to improve the construction efficiency; and the rock-drilling jumbo is better to avoid in soft rock. (2) The rock-drilling jumbo shows outstanding advantages in terms of labor intensity, labor consumption and safety risk. (3) The theoretical analysis indicates that the average linear overbreak by rock-drilling jumbo is smaller than that by pneumatic drill, while the actual situation is diametrically opposite; the overbreak by rock-drilling jumbo can be reduced by strengthening the management. (4) The rock-drilling jumbo is obviously superior to pneumatic drill, and with the development of mechanization of tunnel construction, the rock-drilling jumbo will become one of the development directions of underground works in the future.