心血管介入器械表面修饰新策略血管内皮细胞生长微环境的原位仿生构建

血管支架等心血管介入医疗器械植入人体后的血栓形成和再狭窄等问题长期以来一直是临床上亟待解决的难题.目前研究显示,损伤部位血管内皮功能性重建能显著降低再狭窄比率,避免血栓的形成,而该过程与内皮细胞所处的周细胞环境、底层组织拓扑结构和细胞外基质等微环境密切相关.本文系统讨论了以上3种要素对血管内皮功能性重建的影响,并给出了作者在材料表面内皮细胞生长微环境的原位仿生构建方向的最新研究进展:对于周细胞环境,主要通过调控平滑肌细胞为收缩型表型,进而促进内皮细胞功能性因子释放; 对于底层拓扑结构,可在材料表面制备微/纳图形进行仿生构建,进而调控内皮形态和分布呈体内生理状态;对于细胞外基质,可通过细胞脱附技术获得或将细胞外基质成分接枝在材料表面,赋予材料良好的生物相容性. 

New Strategies for Developing Cardiovascular Implanted Devices Surfaces with In situ Construction of Vascular Endothelial Growth Microenvironment

Thrombosis and restenosis at the site of implanting cardiovascular devices remains a significant long-term problem in the practice of interventional cardiology. Recent researches show that vascular endothelial functional reconstruction at the injury site can significantly reduce the restenosis ratio and avoid the thrombosis. This process is closely related to the endothelial cells growth microenvironment, such as the pericytes environment, the underlying tissue topology and the extracellular matrix microenvironment. In this contribution, we systematically discussed the influence of these three factors on the reconstruction of the endothelial function on the cardiovascular implanted materials, and presented our recent research progress on the in situ and bionic construction of endothelial cells growth micro-environment on the materials surface. As for constructing the pericytes environment, contractile smooth muscle cells were introduced to promote functional factors release from the endothelial cells. To simulate the native topology of the vessel wall, micro-patterns and/or nano structures were fabricated on to the surface to regulate the morphology and distribution of the endothelial cells. Decellularization and biomolecular conjugating were applied to obtain extracellular matrix and further improve surface biocompatibility.