由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散特性频域分析

针对行驶过程中由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散问题，提出了基于汽车振动二自由度单轮模型的能量耗散特性频域分析方法。采用汽车振动二自由度单轮模型推导了模型的频率响应，确定了能量耗散振动响应量及其频率响应。将路面激励功率谱密度与振动响应量的功率谱密度和均方根值相结合，建立了能量耗散振动响应量统计特性和振动能量耗散平均功率的表示。采用Matlab开发了汽车振动二自由度单轮模型的能量耗散特性频域分析仿真程序，通过3种分析方案研究了由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散特性。结果表明，汽车振动能量耗散平均功率与速度和路面等级相关，受到路面等级的影响较大；在以B级路面为主的国内城市行驶工况下，由路面引起的汽车振动能量耗散平均功率比较低。

Frequency Domain Analysis of Automotive Vibration Energy Dissipation Characteristics Caused by Road Surface

Aiming at studying vehicle energy dissipation during vibrations caused by road surface, a frequency domain analysis method of energy dissipation characteristics is proposed based on a two degree-of-freedom single-wheel vibration model. The frequency response of the model is deduced, and the vibration response variables and their frequency responses are determined. Combining the power spectral density of road excitation with both the power spectral density and the root mean square of vibrational response variables,the statistical characteristics of vibrational response variables and the average power of vibration energy dissipation are obtained. Then the model is simulated using Matlab for the frequency domain analysis of energy dissipation characteristics. The results show that the average power of vibrational energy dissipation is related to speed and greatly affected by road grade. The domestic urban driving conditions dominated by B-level road result in relatively low energy dissipation.