圆形盾构管片拼装质量激光扫描自动检测研究

管片拼装是盾构施工过程中的关键一环。由于盾构姿态控制不当及其他因素，管片拼装错台、椭圆度失准等工程质量问题时有发生，而传统的人工抽检方法效率较低且检测范围有限，使得这些质量问题往往成为隧道结构体投入使用后的安全隐患。针对圆形盾构管片的拼装质量，采用三维激光扫描的方法，自主开发一系列包括坐标变换、非关键点剔除、边线提取、环中心拟合、径向错台计算、环向错台计算、椭圆度计算等的圆形管片点云处理算法，实现拼装管片错台和椭圆度的自动、即时、全面、精确检测。结合实际工程案例进行分析，验证圆形盾构管片拼装质量激光扫描自动检测方法的可行性。

Study on Laser Scanning Based Automated Inspection for Circular Shield Segment Assembly Quality

The shield segment assembly is a critical part during the shield construction process. Due to poor control of the shield machine posture or other factors, shield segment assembly quality errors such as dislocation and ellipse deformation often happen while the conventional manual inspection method is supposed to be inefficient with limited inspection range. This can transform the quality errors into potential safety hazards after the tunnel structure comes into service. This paper proposes a laser scanning based automated inspection method for circular shield segment assembly quality. A series of point cloud data (PCD) processing algorithms for circular shield segments are particularly developed, including coordinate transformation, removal of non-key points, edge extraction, ring center fitting, radial dislocation calculation, ring dislocation calculation and ovality calculation. These algorithms aim to realize automated, real-time, comprehensive and accurate inspection on assembled shield segments dislocation and ellipse deformation. Finally, a case study is conducted to demonstrate and validate the proposed method.