提速机车横向振动问题分析

随着我国铁路五次大提速的进行,列车的运行速度有了较大的提高,但随之而来的是导致部分提速机车的横向动力学性能的恶化。而在某些速度下,机车的横向振动问题比较严重,已经影响了机车运行速度的进一步提高。为了满足铁路继续提速的要求,进一步改善机车的横向动力学性能已成为当务之急。本文针对SS9型机车在线路试验时出现的问题进行了分析,发现一系横向定位刚度不足是导致机车横向振动剧烈的主要原因。现车所采用的轴箱拉杆不能提供机车提速运行时所必需的横向定位刚度值,对轴箱拉杆进行改进后,机车的非线性稳定性得到提高,直线运行的轮轴横向力和平稳性得到很大改善,并通过线路试验得到验证。同时,由于轮轨动态作用大为改善,对机车长期运用中保持良好稳定的动力学性能、提高悬挂部件的可靠性并延长使用寿命非常有利。

Analysis of Transverse Vibration of Speed-raising Locomotives

"Launching of five-time speed-raising" of China railways has considerably raised the traveling velocities of trains and has also led to deterioration of the lateral dynamic performance of some speed-raising locomotives.The transverse vibration of locomotives is so severe under certain velocities that it seriously influences further speed raising of the locomotives.To satisfy the speed raising requirements,it is prerequisite to improve the lateral dynamic performance of locomotives.Analyzing the problems of SS 9 Locomotive in line tests,it was found that the main source of the severe transverse vibration of the test locomotive is the inadequate lateral stiffness of the primary suspension.As the traction motor of the locomotive has adopted the rigid suspension method,it needs the bigger lateral stiffness of the primary suspension to satisfy the need of the dynamic performance of the locomotive.The journal tension bar used in the test locomotive can not supply the requisite lateral stiffness for the locomotive in speed raising.After the journal tension bar is modified,the non-linear stability of the locomotive is improved;the wheel/rail lateral force and running stability index on straight tracks are also improved and verified in line tests.As the wheel/rail dynamic interaction has improved greatly,it is in favor of keeping better and stable dynamic performance of the locomotive in the long-time service as well as improving the reliability and prolonging the service life of the suspension assembly.