公交线网优化的算法研究

为缩短居民乘车出行时间以及减少公交运营投入，在公交线网优化过程中通常采用具有全局最优的遗传算法。针对基本遗传算法自身的一些缺点，提出了一种改进的遗传算法。该算法在公共交通路线优选过程中运用减少搜索空间、加入最佳保留策略和修正策略的方法，对基本遗传算法中的选择、交叉、变异算子及中止条件进行改进。改进遗传算法能够在保证种群多样性的同时加快收敛速度，较好地避免了基本遗传算法前期容易早熟和后期进化缓慢等现象。实例仿真计算表明，该算法具有比基本遗传算法更高的效率，是优化公交线网的一个有效途径。

Improved Optimization Algorithm of Transit Route Network

In order to shorten residents＇ travel time and reduce the operation cost of public transportation, the genetic algorithm is often adopted to optimize the transit network due to its global optimality. However, some drawbacks of this algorithm have received severe criticism. An improved genetic algorithm is proposed, which makes some progress in selection operator~ crossover operator, mutation operator and the stop criterion of a simple genetic algorithm, and in transit route optimal choice of public transportation by decreasing the search space, adding optimal reserved and revised strategies. This proposed genetic algorithm could ensure the population diversity and accelerate its convergence; furthermore, it could avoid the phenomena of premature and slow the evolution obviously. A numerical simulation was then presented to demonstrate that this improved genetic algorithm is much more efficient than the simple one and highlights its potential applications in the optimization of transit network.