Earmarking in the US Department of Transportation Research Programs |
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| Institution: | 1. Transportation Technology Center, Inc., 55500 Dot Test Rd, Pueblo, CO 81006, United States;2. The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona, 3000 Ivyside Park, Altoona, PA 16801, United States;3. University of Massachusetts, 28 Marston Hall, Amherst, MA 01003, United States;4. HyGround Engineering, LLC, PO Box 324, Williamsburg, MA 01096, United States;1. School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China;2. School of Finance, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, China |
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| Abstract: | US Department of Transportation research funds historically have been awarded on the basis of competition and merit review. Over the last 15 years, however, transportation research programs have seen dramatic growth in earmarking, a practice in which Congress designates research funds for specific institutions named in legislation. This paper discusses driving forces for and potential risks associated with this practice and presents data on earmarking trends from five USDOT agencies. |
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