船舶倾斜对不同行人流疏散效率影响的数值分析

为研究船舶倾斜对船上人员疏散过程的影响，在基础社会力模型中引入行人倾斜力和自调整力，构建一种考虑船舶倾斜状态的改进社会力模型，通过比对前人实验结果验证模型的有效性。增加行人视角范围，确定周围行人作用的有效范围；结合MATLAB仿真单向、对向、交叉和多向行人流场景，分析不同倾斜状态对行人疏散速度的影响，并拟合疏散时间随倾斜角度变化规律。仿真结果表明：船舶倾斜角小于15°的情况下，行人速度会有小幅下降，但对整体疏散过程影响不大；当倾斜角超过15°时，行人行走速度会迅速下降，整体疏散时间也会急剧增加，并与倾斜角度呈六次关系变化。基于此，船舶倾斜状态下的最佳疏散时机为倾斜角小于15°。

Numerical Analysis of Influence of Ship Listing on Evacuation Efficiency of Different Pedestrian Flows

In order to analyze the impact of ship listing on the evacuation process on passenger ships, this paper established an improved social force model by incorporating incline force and self-adjustment force to consider the ship listing. The model was verified by comparing the results with previous experiments. The scope of individuals' vision was considered, and the effective ranges to the surrounding persons were determined in this model. MATLAB was used to simulate the pedestrian flow in four scenarios, i.e., one-way, bidirectional, cross and multi-directional scenarios. The influence of different list angles on the individuals' average speed was analyzed, and the law of time changing with the heel or trim angles were fitted. The results show that the pedestrian speed decreased slightly when the ship listing angle less than 15°; however, it has little impact on the overall evacuation process. But when the angle more than 15°, the speed dropped rapidly, yet the evacuation time increased sharply, and the relationship between time and listing angle is fitted by a sixth-order function. Overall, the best time to evacuate is that the listing angle less than 15°.