基于时间富余度控制的滑行道调度优化模型

针对机场场面运行中部分航空器剩余滑行时间较短、准时性低的现状，研究滑行道调度优化问题。在构建基于时间富余度控制的滑行道调度优化模型中，优先考虑以剩余滑行时间为主的航空器动态优先级；以我国某大型机场的场面运行数据为基础，采用生物地理学算法进行仿真验证。结果显示：与经典的先到先服务策略相比，航空器到达滑行终点的误差由1499 s降至553 s，降低了63.1%，冲突航空器到达误差从371 s降至147 s，降低了60.3%；在冲突解脱方面，由剩余滑行时间较多的航空器承担更多的冲突等待，有效减少航空器滑行冲突次数，保障后续停机位指派与跑道调度的有效性，大大提高了滑行道的滑行效率。

Optimal Model of Taxiway Scheduling Based on Time Margin Control

In practical situations, aircraft may have short remaining taxi time, which leads to low punctuality during airport surface operation. The taxiway scheduling optimization problem is studied in this paper. In order to control the taxi time of each aircraft, the dynamic priority is set mainly based on time margin, and also taking into account the aircraft fuel consumption and passenger load. The taxiway scheduling optimization model based on time margin control is established. The biogeographic algorithm is designed to solve the model. Simulation verification is conducted on a large domestic airport. The results show that, compared with the classic first- come- first- served strategy, the difference between the estimated time to complete the taxi and the actual time to complete the taxi (arrival error) decreases from 1499 s to 553 s with a reduction of 63.1% and the conflicting aircraft arrival error decreases from 371 s to 147 s with a reduction of 60.3%. In terms of conflict relief, the aircraft with a greater time margin has taken on more conflict waiting time, effectively reducing the number of aircraft taxi conflicts. It guarantees the smooth progress of gate assignment and runway scheduling. The taxiway optimization model based on time margin control improves the punctuality of the aircraft, effectively reduces taxi conflicts, and improves the operation efficiency of the airport surface. It can provide a theoretical basis and decision-making references for traffic control of the busy airports.