不同等级公路环境下驾驶人动态视觉特性规律研究

为研究不同等级公路上行车时驾驶人的动态视觉行为模式，采用数理统计与回 归分析方法，对采集的不同等级公路上驾车的不同年龄、不同驾龄、不同性别及不同教育 程度的 6 类驾驶人视觉特性指标数据进行了对比分析，定量研究了不同等级公路上的驾 驶人的注视、扫视及眨眼的变化规律.试验结果显示，车速、视野、注视点距离之间显著相 关，并得到随着车速增加受到信息刺激次数及反应错误次数也随之增加；驾驶人的注视 点、水平搜索广度、垂直搜索广度、扫视幅度、扫视速度等视觉特性指标的变化随不同等 级公路具有明显的规律性分布.本文的研究有助于公路交通设施的设计、设置及其管理， 有利于公路行车安全与效率的提高.

Driver’s Dynamic Visual Characteristics and Laws under Different Highway Environments

To study drivers’dynamic visual behavior patterns when driving on different grades of highway. Drivers are classified into six categories based on ages, driving experiences, gender, and educational back- grounds. The index dates on the visual character are collected when drivers are driving on the different grades of highway. A comparative analysis of index dates on the visual character is conducted using mathe- matical statistics and regression analysis. The distribution of the driver’s gaze, glance and the blink changes is studied quantitatively. The results showed that speed, vision and gaze distance are significantly correlated, and the number of stimuli by information and the number of reaction errors increase with increasing speed. Furthermore, the driver’s vision indicators, such as gaze point, horizontal search breadth, vertical search breadth, saccade amplitude, and saccade speed follow regularity distribution when the types of the driver are different and the grades of highway are also varied. The study is helpful for the design, setting and manage- ment of highway transport facilities, and will be conductive to highway traffic safety and efficiency.