基于比功率的自动驾驶交通流油耗分析

鉴于油耗与节约能源和车辆尾气排放直接相关，探究自动驾驶车辆对油耗的影响. 以手动驾驶车队与自动驾驶车队为数值仿真对象，在交通震荡环境下设计数值仿真实验. 对车队的车辆数量，车队初始速度，以及自动驾驶车辆的车间通信延时做参数敏感性分析. 基于机动车比功率的油耗评价模型，对仿真结果进行统计；相比于手动驾驶车队，计算自动驾驶车队平均油耗率的降低. 从交通流稳定性角度考察油耗降低与稳定性状态转变之间的内在关联性. 研究结果表明，自动驾驶车辆对油耗的降低幅度与车队初始速度有关，与交通流稳定性之间存在定性的影响关系，交通流的平稳性有利于显著改善车辆油耗降低的幅度. 研究结果可为大规模自动驾驶背景下的油耗控制策略提供理论参考.

Fuel Consumption Analysis of Automated Driving Traffic Flow Based on Vehicle Specific Power

Fuel consumption has a direct relationship with energy conservation and vehicle exhaust emissions. This paper explores the impacts of automated vehicles on the fuel consumption. The manual driving platoon and automated driving platoon were considered as the objective in numerical simulations, which were performed in the environment of traffic oscillations. Additionally, parameter sensitivity analyses of vehicle number, initial speeds, and vehicle-to-vehicle communication delay of automated vehicles were also conducted in simulations. Then, the vehicle-specific power-based evaluation model of fuel consumption was used to calculate the reduction of average fuel consumption rate by automated driving compared with manual driving. Meanwhile, from the perspective of traffic flow stability, the intrinsic relevance between fuel consumption reduction and stability state transition was evaluated. The results show that reduction magnitudes of fuel consumption by automated vehicles have relation with initial speeds of vehicular platoon. Moreover, there is qualitative influence relationship between fuel consumption reduction and traffic flow stability. This means the stable vehicular flow has benefits in significantly improving the reduction magnitude of fuel consumption, which can be used for providing theoretical reference for fuel control strategy, under the background of large-scale automated vehicles.