基于层次蝙蝠算法的应急车辆调度与交通疏散协同决策

城市路网多事故应急救援中,因交通拥堵造成应急车辆滞留现象时常发生,严重影响道路交通事故救援效率.提出通过交通疏散提高救援路径的可靠性,构建双层规划模型对应急车辆调度和交通疏散进行协同决策. 设计一种双层蝙蝠算法,上层算法在应急车辆需求、事故时间窗和可用车辆约束下求解响应时间最短的调度方案,下层算法在路段容量和疏散需求约束下求解多条最短路径的交通疏散策略,从中选取最短时间路径. 算例结果表明,本文模型通过缩短应急车辆在途时间有效提升了应急救援效率,算法具有优秀的寻优能力和运行速度.

Collaborative Decision-making of Emergency Vehicle Scheduling and Traffic Evacuation Based on Bi-level Bat Algorithm

In the emergency rescue of multiple accidents in an urban road network, the phenomenon of emergency vehicle detention caused by traffic congestion often occurs, which seriously affects the rescue efficiency of road traffic accidents. This paper improves the reliability of the rescue path through traffic evacuation, and constructs a bi-level programming model for collaborative decision-making of emergency vehicle scheduling and traffic evacuation. A bi-level bat algorithm is designed to solve the model. In the upper level, the dispatching strategy with the shortest response time is got under the constraints of emergency vehicle demand, accident time window, and available vehicles. In the lower level, the traffic evacuation strategies of multiple shortest paths are obtained under the constraints of road capacity and evacuation demand, and then the paths of the shortest time are selected. The results of the numerical example show that the model can effectively improve the efficiency of emergency rescue, and the algorithm shows excellent optimization ability and running speed.