基于多层模型的城市建成环境对通勤行为的影响

为研究城市建成环境对居民通勤行为的影响，考虑个体社会经济属性和交通小区建成环境属性的跨层次结构，建立多层模型，分别分析了个体社会经济属性层面和交通小区建成环境层面对通勤时间及通勤距离的影响，并利用长春市居民出行调查数据标定模型参数. 结果表明：多层模型比传统的回归模型拟合效果更好；控制个体社会经济属性特征后，土地利用混合度、交叉口密度及公共交通站点密度对居民通勤出行时间和距离的影响均呈现显著的负效应，而居民居住地到城市中心商务区(CBD)的距离仅对通勤距离有显著的正向影响.研究结果可为通过城市规划优化通勤结构提供理论支持.

Impacts of Built Environment on Commuting Behavior Based on a Multilevel Modeling Approach

Considering the hierarchical characteristics of social-demographic factors at individual level and built environment factors at traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level, a multilevel approach is proposed to investigate the influences of built environment on commuting time and distance. The impacts of social- demographic factors at individual level and built environment factors at TAZ level on commuting time and distance are analyzed respectively. And the model parameters are estimated based on Changchun household travel survey data. The study infers that the multilevel modeling approach yields better fitting results than the traditional regression model. Additionally, after controlling for commuters’ social-demographics characteristics, the model results show that land use mix, intersection density and transit station density have significantly negative influences on commuting time and distance. And the distance to Central Business District (CBD) is positively associated with commuting distance merely. The research results can provide theory basis for optimizing the commuting structure by means of urban planning.