半开放式的多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化问题

电子商务促使越来越多的物流企业采用多配送中心模式优化车辆的配送路径，纯电动汽车逐渐替代了传统的燃油配送车辆，以改善生态环境. 结合多配送中心联合服务模式的特点和纯电动物流车辆的行驶特征，构建带时间窗的半开放式多配送中心纯电动车辆路径优化模型，设计蚁群算法对其求解. 算例对比分析结果表明：半开放式的多配送中心联合服务，能合理利用相关物流资源，改善车辆路径，降低物流费用，但需要寻找合适数量和位置的配送中心进行联合，才能达到节约成本的最佳效果；相比单配送中心，多配送中心联合服务提供了更多潜在的较低价格的充电点，在配送中心补充电量可在一定程度上节约物流成本.

An Optimization of Pure Electric Vehicle Routing Problem on Half-open Multi-distribution Center

With the rapid development of e- commerce, more and more logistics enterprises adopt multidistribution center model to optimize vehicle distribution routes. The pure electric vehicle makes the traditional fuel distribution vehicles gradually replaced to improve the ecological environment. Combining the characteristics of multi-distribution center joint service mode and the driving characteristics of pure electric logistics vehicles, a half-open multi-distribution center pure electric vehicle routing problem with time windows is modeled, and an ant colony algorithm is designed to solve it. The comparative analysis of several instances shows that half-open multidistribution center's joint service can rationally utilize relevant logistics resources, improve vehicle routing and reduce logistics costs, but it needs to be joint with appropriate number and location of distribution centers to achieve the best cost- saving effect. Meanwhile it provides more potential charging points with lower price than single distribution center, so considering supplying electricity from distribution center can save logistics cost to some extent.