空间耦合连接性的TOD测度模型构建及应用研究

以公共交通为导向的规划模式，能够有效结合交通功能与土地利用。针对当前轨道交通 站点与周边土地利用关系研究中对引导要素考虑不足的问题，本文在“节点-场所”模型中新增描 述 两 者 关 系 的“ 可 达 性 ”维 度 ，构 建 基 于 空 间 耦 合 功 能 连 接 性 的 TOD(Transit Oriented Development)发展模式测度模型。以深圳市为例，评价轨道站点影响区TOD发展水平，并揭示轨 道交通与城市空间的协同关系。研究表明：改进的“节点-场所”模型对“均衡站点”识别区分度更 优；TOD综合指数空间上由福田、罗湖核心区向外围的光明、龙华和龙岗区方向递减。其中，轨道 交通2号线和7号线的节点和场所指数均处于较高水平，而6号线和11号线可达性指数呈高值集 聚；罗湖区多数站点可达性较弱，形成了近似TOD的“地铁上盖(TID)”或“地铁附近开发(TAD)”； 此外，轨道站点影响区TOD综合指数越高其站点客流量越大，两者协同度越高。

TOD Measurement Model with Spatial Coupling Connectivity

Public Transport-Oriented Development (TOD) is a planning model that effectively combine transportation function with land use. In view of the deficiency of considering guiding factors in the existing research on the relationship between rail transit stations and surrounding land use, this study improves the traditional "Node- place" model and increases an "accessibility" dimension in the model to reflect the node- place relationships. A TOD development measurement model is thus proposed in consideration of the spatial coupling function connectivity. Taking Shenzhen city as an example, the paper evaluates the TOD development level of the influence area at rail stations and reveals the synergistic relationship between rail transit and urban space. The result shows that the improved "Node- place" model performs better on identifying the "balanced site" than traditional models. The TOD comprehensive index decreases spatially from the core areas of Futian and Luohu District to the peripheral areas of Guangming, Longhua, and Longgang District. The Metro Line 2 and Metro Line 7 have a high level of node and place indexes. The Metro Line 6 and Metro Line 11 have high value agglomeration of the accessibility indexes. Most of rail stations in Luohu District have low accessibility, which shows the "Transit integrated development" or "Transit adjacent development". In addition, the higher the TOD comprehensive development level in the rail station influence area, the heavier the passenger flow at the stations, and the higher degree of the coordination between the two factors.