考虑乘客心理的出租车合乘决策方法研究

针对出租车合乘研究中缺少对乘客心理的考虑，基于前景理论构建出租车合乘模式决策模型，提出一种考虑乘客心理的合乘出行决策方法.考虑行程时间、费用、舒适度对乘客心理决策的影响，通过计算机模拟，分析不同付费比例和交通拥堵率在乘客心理因素影响下对乘客合乘决策的影响.研究结果表明，合乘付费比例对乘客合乘决策的影响较大，合乘比例随付费比例的降低而增加，0.7 的付费比例对多数乘客没有刺激作用；付费比例降至0.65 及其以下时，交通拥堵率对合乘比例的影响较小，合乘比例相对稳定. 所得结论对出租车合乘政策的制定与管理有一定的指导意义.

A Method of Taxi Pooling Mode Decision-making with Passenger Psychology

For the lack of considering passengers psychology in the taxi pooling research, a taxi mode choice model based on the prospect theory is established, and a taxi pooling decision method considering passengers psychology is proposed. Considering travel time, cost and comfort, the effects of different payment ratio and traffic congestion rate on passengers are analyzed through computer simulation. The results show that: the influence of taxi pooling payment ratio on the passengers decision is large, and taxi pooling proportion increases with the decrease of payment ratio. The payment ratio 0.7 cannot stimulate the most of the passengers. Traffic congestion rate has little effect on the taxi pooling proportion which is relatively stable when the payment ratio falls to 0.65 and below. These conclusions have a certain guiding significance to formulating taxi policy.