基于模糊综合评价的市区段铁路环境影响评价

随着城市规模的扩展,铁路线穿越城市市区现象比较普遍;土地的集约利用,使临铁路线的两侧进行住宅开发增多。居民住宅区与铁路线的亲密接触,使铁路运营产生的污染成为亟待解决的居住环境问题。考虑噪声环境、振动、大气、电磁、废弃物等5个影响因素,建立因素集。备择集（评语集）中包括轻微影响、较小影响、较大影响和严重影响4个评判等级,通过德尔菲法确定各影响因素的权重,建立权重集。确定单个评判对象对备择集的隶属程度,得到单因素评价集,建立评价矩阵。最后,建立模糊综合评价集,对市区铁路的环境影响进行评价。

Environmental Impact Assessment of Urban Railway Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

With the development of cities,the railway cross urban area has became a universal phenomenon.More and more building were build biside the railway because of the intensive use of land.Because of the close contact of residential areas and the rail line, the pollution caused by railway operations become an urgent issue of the living environment.In this paper five factors are taken into consideration to set up a factor set, which includes the air environment, electromagnetic environment ,vibration,garbage and noise environment. Then the evaluation set and weight set based on the Delphi Method are established. After subject functions of every factor are determined, the single factor judging matrix is gained. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of urban railways is conducted.